GI bleeding: causes

ABCDEFGHI 




Angiodysplasia

Bowel cancer

Colitis

Diverticulitis/ Duodenal ulcer

Epitaxis/ Esophageal (cancer, esophagitis, varices)

Post-operative complications (immediate)

Post-op PROBS


Pain

Primary haemorrhage

Reactionary haemorrhage

Oliguria

Differential Diagnosis : scrotum swelling

THE THEATRES


Torsion

Hernia

Epididymytis, orchitis

Trauma

Hydrocoele, varicocele, hematoma

IUGR: causes

IUGR

Inherited: chromosomal and genetic disorders

Uterus: placental insufficency

General: maternal malnutrition, smoking

Rubella and other congenital infecton

Fetus: cardinal movements of fetus

Don't Forget I Enjoy Really Expensive Equipment

Descent

Flexion

Interal rotation

Extension

Alpha-fetoprotein: causes for increased maternal serum AFP during pregnancy

Increased Maternal Serum Alpha Feto Protein

Intestinal obstruction

Multiple gestation/ Miscalculation of gestational age/ Myeloschisis

Spina bifida cystica

Anencephaly/ Abdominal wall defect

Post-partum haemorrhage (PPH): causes

4 'T's

Tissue (retained placenta)

Tone (uterine atony)

Trauma (traumatic delivery, episiotomy)

Thrombin (coagulation disorders, DIC)

Oral contraceptive complications: warning signs

ACHES







Abdominal pain

Chest pain

Headache (severe)

Eye (blurred vision)

Sharp leg pain

clinical features of Septic Abortion

5 P's

P- Pyrexia

P- Pain in abdomen

P- Pulse rate increase: 100-200/min

P- Purulent vaginal discharge

P- Pelvic findings: Patulous os or a boggy feel of the uterus

Causes of acute & reversible urinary incontinence

DRIP


D: Delirium

R: Restricted mobility, retention

I: Infection, inflammation, impaction (fecal)

P: Polyuria, pharmaceuticals

Etiology of CA Tongue

6-S's

Spices

Spirits

Smoking

Sharp Pointed Teeth

Indications for stone removal

POLICE




Passive - Stone is stationary

Obstruction - Stone causes obstruction

Large - stone too large to pass

Infection

Small Bowel Obstruction

SHAVIT

S tone (gallstone ileus)

H ernia

A dhesions

V olvulus

Urinary Incontinence- causes

U SOFT


Urge

Stress

Overflow

Funcional

Total

Scrotum masses

SHOVE IT

Spermatocele

Hydrocele/ Haematocele

Orchitis

Varicocele

Peutz Jeghers Syndrome

PJ

P = Polyps

J =  Jejunal


Peutz Jeghers syndrome is characterised by Jejunal polyps

sclerosing agents

APES are QUte


A = Absolute alcohol

P = Polidocanal

E = Ethanolamine oleate